소나무 폰데로사

Soil type: Prefers well-drained, sandy or loamy soils; tolerant of poor, rocky, and slightly acidic substrates.

Watering frequency: Moderate when young; drought-tolerant when established. Water deeply every 10–14 days in dry periods.

Light exposure: Full sun is essential; tolerates no more than light shade.

Temperature requirements: Thrives between -20°C to 38°C (-4°F to 100°F); highly cold- and heat-tolerant.

Fertilization: Not necessary in natural soils; if potted or in poor soil, feed once in spring with balanced slow-release fertilizer.

Pruning: Light pruning to shape when young; remove dead or lower branches as needed.

Common pests: Pine beetles, sawflies, and needle scale; monitor in stressed or overcrowded conditions.

Other care practices: Requires ample vertical space and deep soil profile; unsuitable for small gardens.